Marketing and Food Essay

This literature review will focus on exploring marketing strategies employed when selling food. I will be looking at what influence these marketing strategies have on consumers decision making process and the effectiveness of these strategies. It is clear that consumers don’t all buy the same things and I am interested to find out what causes this difference in product selection. There are many things that can influence these decisions, from the placement of products or the aesthetics of the product. Food companies may also take location or population into account when choosing what product to sell and where to sell it. Demographical marketing strategies use population statistics as a way of finding out what products will sell best. Lars Perner[1] uses age demographic as an example. â€Å"a firm interested in entering the market for sports drinks in a given country, or worldwide, might investigate the number of people between the ages of fifteen and thirty-five, who would constitute a particularly significant market.† In some countries such as Germany, it has been noted that the birth rate is dropping significantly, in this sort of market, a company may steer away from creating a baby food product in favour of a product geared towards older people, this is due to the old age market being larger than the young age market. Perner also discusses ‘upward pull’ marketing. This takes advantage of social class in order to increase ones desire for a product. By Portraying a product as something the upper class society would consume, it can take advantage of the consumers desire to advance their social class. Companies such as Haagen-Daas, who display their product as a luxury ice-cream, and several wine brands make use of this strategy. The layout of a supermarket also has a dramatic effect on food sales. One example is the location of the entrance into supermarkets. One study[2] suggests that if the entrance to a supermarket is located on the right side, it encourages counter-clockwise movement throughout the supermarket. Whereas if the entrance is on the left, it encourages clockwise movement. The study claims â€Å"counter-clockwise shoppers spend $2 more per trip, than clockwise shoppers.† Products that have a large profit margin are usually located around the perimeter of the supermarket, as most shoppers favour travelling around the perimeter than traversing up and down the isles. Fresh fruit and vegetable sections are usually located at the start or end of the supermarket, and are presented as a cleaner and more welcoming area to the rest of the supermarket as most shoppers spend the most money in this section. Items placed at the ends of aisles serve as and introduction the items the customer will find in that aisle, the items in the centre of the aisle will receive less time with the customer, so items that will make more of a profit will be placed towards the end of aisles. Commonly purchased items such as milk or bread are generally located at the back of a supermarket, forcing the consumer to travel through many other products in order to get the item they need. It is then that advertising and aesthetic marketing come into play. Different tactics are employed in certain aisles in order to force customers into decisions. One example may be[3] the use of music and lights in junk food aisles. By using loud music and bright lights, the supermarket may cause the customer to be overwhelmed and make an impulse decision on what to buy, they may reach out for something that would comfort them, such as their favourite junk food. In a different situation, a supermarket may employ the use of dim lights and relaxing music, in order to convince the customer to take their time and spend more time in the supermarket, in turn having them buy more products. Some supermarkets tend to move items around from time to time in order to confuse their customers, having them search through all the aisles in order to find the product, picking up other products along the way. The location of the product is also important, most customers tend to only look at products at are at eye level. The most expensive items will also be found at eye level, with better deals being hidden away above or below. The packaging of a product can also influence the decisions of a consumer. †More expensive brands tend to have fancier labelling then generic brands. Therefore we assume the quality is better and are willing to pay higher prices, regardless of whether that is true[4]† Supermarkets also make use of the senses in order to draw customers in and attempt to force them into buying something they didn’t intend to. They will cater to sight by using colours to evoke certain feelings, light blues and pinks may be used around baby food or sweet sections in order to appeal to children. Reds may be used around alcoholic beverages in order to appeal to consumers emotions such as anger or love, both of which have ties with alcohol and the colour red. They may bake fresh cakes and cookies in the bakery section to draw customers into buying the products due to the appealing smell. These findings provide evidence of a definite link between the marketing strategies used by supermarkets and brands, and the effect they have on sales of products. A number of ways in which strategies are employed have been noted, such as demographical marketing, placement of products and product aesthetics. Bibliography Perner, L. (2008). Food Marketing. Food Marketing. [ONLINE] Available at:http://www.consumerpsychologist.com/food_marketing.html (2008) The science of supermarket psychology | tribalinsight. The science of supermarket psychology | tribalinsight. [ONLINE] Available at:http://tribalinsight.wordpress.com/2008/08/19/supermarket-psychology/ (2008) Supermarket tricks. 2008, Supermarket tricks. [ONLINE] Available at: http://today.ninemsn.com.au/moneyandconsumer/598695/supermarket-tricks ———————– [1]Perner, L. (2008). Food Marketing. Food Marketing. [ONLINE] Available at:http://www.consumerpsychologist.com/food_marketing.html [2](2008) The science of supermarket psychology | tribalinsight. The science of supermarket psychology | tribalinsight. [ONLINE] Available at:http://tribalinsight.wordpress.com/2008/08/19/supermarket-psychology/ [3](2008) Supermarket tricks. 2008, Supermarket tricks. [ONLINE] Available at: http://today.ninemsn.com.au/moneyandconsumer/598695/supermarket-tricks [4](2008) Supermarket tricks. 2008, Supermarket tricks. [ONLINE] Available at: http://today.ninemsn.com.au/moneyandconsumer/598695/supermarket-tricks

Example speech Essay

Good day! I hope you had a great start of the day just as I had. Of course knowing that I’ll be speaking here in front of you makes me feel very flattered and honoured. Before I start, I would like first to share a saying that I truly believe, communication starts for those who works for it. And that communication includes writing a letter, let alone writing a business letter. Writing a business letter is just like writing other types of letter it includes not only the message itself but also other important and optional parts. The important parts includes the heading which tells the identity of the sender; the inside address that tells the reader to whom the letter is address; greeting which introduces your letter in professional tone; the body of the letter is of course, the most important section of the letter-from both the writer’s and the reader’s point of view; the closing is typically a short, one word ending that tells your reading that they have reached the end of your letter and the signature, under the closing and reiterate the identity of the sender. The optional part that is only used when required it includes attention line, subject line which is used to give the reader advance notice of what your letter is all about and some note that is used when we included some envelope or package, send copy of the letter to one or more persons and wishes or not to let the addressee know, these notations can be enclosure notation, mailing notation, carbon copy notation or blind copy notation. While the most familiar, the post script is used when the writer has intentionally forgotten to mention something and to draw the reader’s attention to a particular important point. When writing a business letter, we don’t just consider the part but also know how these parts should be arranged in other words the arrangement styles of the letter. There are different styles in which the parts are positioned. It can be block style in which all the parts begin at the left margin or modified block style where only the position of the date line, complimentary closing and the writer’s identification starts at the horizontal center of the page. But if you want your letter to have the format of modified block style and the first line of all the paragraphs are indented then you can use the modified-block style with indented paragraphs or semi-block style. While some people prefer the social business style because of it differs from regular business letter styles in a number of ways such as instead of opening the letter, the inside address may be typed at the left margin five lines below the signature line and the reference notations, enclosure notations, carbon copy notations and often the writer’s typewritten signature are omitted and so on and so forth. Using the formats and arrangement styles, you will be sure to send letters that look attractive and modern. However, they cannot be effective and promote goodwill if your writing is not well-organized and the ideas are not well-planned. That’s why we need to know the different kinds of the business letter. One could hardly name all the kinds of business letter written but here are the most frequently use. The request letter or â€Å"please send me† letter, these are letters written for simple request for information, literature, appointments, reservations and so on. And the kind of letter that answers these letters are called form the name it suggest without a doubt, the letter answering requests. Meanwhile, when the person who has been inconvenient or offended writes a letter of protest, it is called claim letter or also known as complain letter. And the letter that answer these letters are called adjustment letters. Next kind is for those who want to request for a credit or would like to remind the person who did not pay you what they owe to you, the credit and collection. Next is every letter business people write, the sales letter, these are written for specific purpose of selling good or service. And the kind of letter that everyone uses, especially you my dear listeners sooner or later, the application letter, it includes inquiring about a position, letters of application, letters thanking an employer and resignation letter. While there are different kinds of business letter, these kinds of letters can be handled simply in term of the readers anticipated reactions. These three basic letter patterns enable the writer to solve problems with request, order, claim, adjustment and what have you. First is the everday letter, it take a direct approach and are simple to write. While more skillfully writing techniques are needed when showing the reader why he/she should take and action before you actually ask the action to be taken, which is the persuasive letters. The last is the most difficult, bad news letter, it is when you are refusing request, adjustment or credit. Like the persuasive letter it should be take an indirect approach. Of all that’s been said and done, the best way we all need to consider in writing a business letter or any letter is the preparation and proper approach to have a effective communication. Again like I said earlier, communication works for those who works for it. Thank you for inviting me here and listening to me for a couple of minutes. Thank you and God bless!

ENERGY WEDGES Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

ENERGY WEDGES - Lab Report Example Our group resorted to cutting carbon emission by half hence built an energy wedge that shows how the significant reduction is likely to take place if endorsed by the whole world. Our energy wedge begins with efficiency in transport as the basic of reducing carbon emission by 50%. The group believes that the current consumption of fuel by vehicles is likely to double from 30 mpg to 60mpg in the next 50 years. In order for saving to be achieved, there is need for the economy to shift from carbon energy sources to hybrid diesel engine technologies. Building efficiency comes second in the wedge. If technology is well utilized, buildings are supposed reduce emissions of carbon by 25% (Levy, 2010). This can be done through using solar heaters and using good insulators in construction of houses to reduce the demand of heat by electricity and other carbon sources. The next energy conservation strategy involves use of conservative measure in transport. Reducing face-to-face communication and using more electronic sources of communication will reduce the rate at which people travel (Neuhoff). This will lead to conservation of energy. The next wedge of conservation is efficiently producing electricity. Use of coal as a source of energy leads to production of about a fifth of worlds carbon. Reducing this b half in the next 50 years helps in solving this problem. Use of green sources as energy conservation form the next four level of our wedge. We realized that production is only likely to reduce by half so we opted for other means through which the remaining half of carbon emitted could be stored or reduced. This could be achieved by use of forest storage. Conserving forests ensures that trees absorb carbon emitted and use it as a source of food production. Soil is also another form in which carbon products can be stored. This can be supported by planting cover crops and preventing soil erosion. Use of

Discussion Replies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 5

Discussion Replies - Essay Example From this, we can conclude that change in political process and technology is having and will continue to have a considerably impact on war affairs and principles which might result to its revolution. Since ancient times, principles of war have been defined to as a set of guidelines that aids the military in making decisions while in the battle field. Although these principles are still being applied, they have been considerably revolving due to changing technology and the way people carry out warfare currently. For instance research conducted recently by the united research center showed that changing nature of war, especially in the Middle East, is generating a corresponding change in tactics and patterns the military are using so as to archive their objective.( Claus, 2003) According to another research it was outlined that the principles that are revolving and are most likely to change in the future include the principle of simplicity, chase, and unity of command. This is due to advancement in technology that forces the military to change their tactics and patterns. (Knock, 2001) However, despite the fact that these principles might change, it is unlikely that new principles will be developed. This is due to the fact that existing principle have been proven to be most efficient and effective during warfare and only slight adjustment are needed for it to fit in any generation. Conclusively, war will never be absolute because disagreements among states will always exist and insurgents will never stop propagating it until the day they archive their selfish strategies and goals. The only things that might change is the approach in which the military or States will be using during war fare. Also advancement in technology will force the military to modify the already existing principles so as to archive their set objective effectively. In the first post

Comparison Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3

Comparison - Essay Example Charles Cunningham uses articles from the Life magazine to buttress his arguments regarding the belittling of white trash and African Negroes. The article by Tom Delph-Janiurek examines the link between gender and sexuality in spaces with regards to voice and its impact in the teaching environment in England. Tom Delph-Januirek also evaluates the power interpretation of voices and its contribution to class differences. The article by Charles Cunningham pertains to the derogatory and untrue portrayal of rural poor, especially in connection to the white trash and the African Americans in the twentieth century, during the time of the great depression in the United States of America. The article by Tom Delph-Janiurek examines the link between gender and sexuality in spaces with regards to voice and its impact in the teaching environment in England. At first there arises apprehension on any possible link between two such disparate articles in different environments over different periods of time. An in depth analysis of the two articles however, provides the scope for the comparison. Charles Cunningham provides examples of the speech of African Americans in his arguments to bolster the derogatory and racial prejudice against the African Americans. Drawing support from the works of experts in the field of language Tom Delph-Janiurek claims that voice very frequently conveys with clarity, information reg arding the bodies from which they originate. In addition to Tom Delph-Janiurek, voices are interpreted by listeners and â€Å"voices are shaped by interconnected discursive relating to gender, sexuality, class, and race†, (2, p.258). According to Charles Cunningham the African American was portrayed as the scum of the earth. Poor white trash and African Americans were taken as not worth any consideration by the urban middle and rich classes, as they were not deserving of it. Yet, between the two the African American was given a much lower status irrespective

TMA06 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

TMA06 - Essay Example It is therefore worthwhile analysing the factors that influenced the behaviour of New Imperialism practiced by the European powers to start with, subsequently followed by the nations of Japan and USA. In particular, we examine the events in Europe and especially Germany during this time and try to find out how it influenced the New Imperialism practice as a whole (Loftus, 2007). To understand the formation of the colonial policy under the German Chancellor of the time, Otto von Bismarck, it is important to consider the situation prevalent then, in terms of the political conditions. Germany as a nation as we know has existed only since 1871, after its formation following many battles and wars, which Bismarck was greatly responsible for. Therefore, as the newest nation of Europe, Bismarck wanted Germany to become powerful and influential. Since the years of 1871, he was mainly responsible for Germany’s passive colonial policy. He rather chose to concentrate his efforts on strengthening the nation and building its industry and economy. This policy continued into the 1880s during which there was a surprising change by Bismarck towards active colonial control for the territories of Africa (Berghahn, 1994). It is also important to understand the political setup of Germany at the time. The country had a parliament called the Reichstag; however the Emperor had the power to veto any decision. The Chancellor was usually the person who has involved with the day to day activities of the parliament. Until the late 1890s Bismarck’s command was unquestioned in the parliament. In order to make decisions, apart from convincing the members of the parliament, he had great power. However, when in 1887, the Emperor Frederick died, his son Wilhelm II became the Emperor (Loftus, 2007). With Wilhelm II’s accession to power, Bismarck faced more opposition from him regarding Germany’s domestic

Study skills Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Study skills - Essay Example n the said phase is the determination of the personal strengths, weaknesses, feedbacks from other people, both positive ad negative and the different performance indicators (Cottrell, 2010; Self Improvement Mentor Website, 2009). Based on the said parameters, the first focus is the determination of skills. On a personal note, my strengths include capability of expression and logical and critical thinking. In most cases, the capability to establish the principles surrounding certain events is one of the fundamental attributes. In terms of the capability of self-expression, there is a number of ways which can be considered as strength such as in verses as well as artistic visual expression. These are considered strengths since it can support the professional expertise that ca be achieved through studies. Upon the determination of the strengths, knowledge of one’s weakness is another important phase (Self Improvement Mentor Website, 2009). Although self-expression is one of the strengths, my professional communication skills and self-esteem can be limitations in certain cases. This can be attributed to the inadequate experience in the said skills. Basically at the present, self-evaluation can bring about the need to polish technical skills to be able to have the capability for expertise on the professional level. This view had been achieved through the feedback gathered from other people of close interaction, in addition to self-assessment. Feedback of other people is important on a person’s development because they can observe performance and attitude on a perspective different from the person himself. In taking into consideration of feedback though, it is important to prioritize objectivity of the person (Self Improvement Mentor Website, 2009). Positive feedbacks from people of close interpersonal interaction had been gathered. One of the constructive criticism that had bee received is the need to be focused in doing a single task due to the

Analyse the Ofsted report in light of what you have observed to be Essay

Analyse the Ofsted report in light of what you have observed to be current practice in your school - Essay Example in both GCE and GCSE, challenges faced in the implementation of the project and the recommendations made to the national curriculum developers as well as the individual schools. Key to note is that pupils refer to years 1- 6 while students refer to people in secondary schools. A case study of 167 secondary, primary and special schools has been adopted for this Ofsted report in a span of 3 years in 2008 to 2011. Also the use of computing instruction files is both a specialty and across the wider school curriculum. The report reflects issues arising from the application of ICT in schools namely: curriculum and qualifications of Key Stage 4 and 6, staff professionalism where ICT is concerned, e- safety, application of virtual learning environments, resource availability and getting best value of the ICT application (Taylor 2001). Among the schools highlighted ICT was better adopted in primary schools as compared to their secondary counterparts with two thirds of the primary schools showing outstanding progress compared to one third of the secondary schools (Mohanty 2006). Other challenges are that few students advancing to secondary school had the basic ICT knowledge to engage in ICT business later, inadequate or complete lack of ICT infrastructure such as c omputer, laptops and teachers tired with the workload of students. Schools adopting ICT were seen to have a comparative advantage over their counterparts which do not among the Key Level 4 and 6 pupils considered, it was evident that it increased their creativity levels with some embracing and arranging music using computers through the virtual learning environment (Mohanty 2006). Slow learners were seen to get fluent with use of computers almost as fast as the fast learners. Children with autism and Down’s syndrome responded dramatically well to ICT application files where the respective schools made specific modifications on the program to handle their learning experience (Meadows 2000). A positive response

Comparison of Israeli and Iraqi Coalition Parliamentary Governments Research Paper

Comparison of Israeli and Iraqi Coalition Parliamentary Governments - Research Paper Example Under such circumstances, in order to avoid political stalemate, small parties may support larger parties to get majority in the parliament and to form the government. Instead of a government led by a single party as in the case of United Sates, a government led by multiple parties (Coalition government) may take charge in countries like India, Israel, Iraq etc. Unlike governments led by single party system, coalition governments cannot function independently because of the different views, opinions, ideologies and policies of the members of the different political parties in the coalition government. This paper compares the influence of ethnic groups or culture upon Israeli and Iraqi coalition governments. Analysis Methodology Iraq and Israel are the two prominent countries in Middle East which have coalition governments at present. However, Israel and Iraq are entirely different countries as far as culture is concerned; Arabs or Muslims dominate the population in Iraq whereas Israe l is the Jews’ state. It should be noted that these two countries have different ethnic groups. Each ethnic group and each region in these two countries have separate political parties which argue for the interest of the particular community or region. Israel is a Jewish country whereas Iraq is a Muslim country. However, clashes in Iraq between different ethnic groups are more than that in Israel even though both the countries have coalition governments at present. I would like to compare the functioning of these coalition governments in order to learn more about the influence of cultural differences upon the functioning of coalition governments. Influence of ethnic groups or culture upon Israeli coalition government Political parties in Israel can be classified into two broad categories; Zionist parties and non-Zionist parties. non-Zionist parties are negligible in number and strength. Labor Zionism (social democrat), Revisionist Zionism (conservative) and Religious Zionism are the major political thoughts among Zionist parties. Out of these three political philosophies, Religious Zionism is comparatively weaker than the other two which is the major reason why the influence of religion upon Israeli politics is comparatively lesser than that in Iraq. Israel’s new coalition government (created in January 2011) has become more conservative in its domestic policy position and more hawkish in its foreign policy stance. A series of events in recent months highlights this trend, including disagreements between Israeli Prime Minister Binyamin Netanyahu and US President Barack Obama regarding an appropriate basis for peace negotiations with Palestinians, Israel’s response to the Hamas-Fatah reconciliation deal, and its response to clashes with Palestinians along its borders in recent months. In addition, the country’s changing demographic profile signals that conservative political groups are likely to exert more influence over the medium-t o-long term as well1. As in the case of many other countries in the world, conservative parties and liberal and democratic parties are more in Israel also. Conservatives normally may not give up their traditional beliefs and tougher stands on global issues easily. On the other hand liberal and democratic parties usually keep a space for accommodating changes in line with the political and economic developments in the world. One of the major curses facing by Israeli politics is the excessive number of political parties which keep extremely different views on

Between White and Roberts Essay Example for Free

Between White and Roberts Essay Between the descriptive essay Once More to the Lake by E.B. White, and the narrative essay How to Say Nothing in 500 Words by P.M. Roberts I find the descriptive essay to be far more interesting to read for the way it is written appeals to the senses of the reader. Both essays, however, carry good merit and are written very well. The essay that is currently being presented is an interpretation of the similarities and differences between the styles of these two essays, and the impact they have on the reader as well. Among the major differences between the two essays is the way they are structured. In the essay â€Å"How to Say Nothing in 500 Words† Roberts uses nine different headings relating to the key elements of what he is writing about. He breaks down each component of what he considers to be good practices of writing with each section consisting of its own idea. He uses this method to present multiple ideas pertaining to the same general subject of the essay. Using headings to separate ideas and points is a good way to present information clearly, but it also gives a paper an impersonal and formal feeling that most casual or average readers do not relate to. In â€Å"Once More to the Lake†, however, White does not separate ideas into different headings. The story he tells in his essay progresses forward without being broken up into multiple ideas, and the general subject does not change throughout the essay in any major way. The entire essay reads like it is its own chapter of a book. It provides the reader with a fluent story from start to finish. Another large difference between these two essays is in the tone and language that the authors use. Roberts uses a mostly formal tone and language throughout most of his essay. There are a few places in which he uses mild humor to keep the readers’ interest, but his dry tone mixed with the subject his essay is centered on limits the effectiveness of his attempts. One such attempt at humor is where he speaks of a college  professor grading essays in the sentence, â€Å"As he reads paper after paper all saying the same thing in almost the same words, all bloodless, five hundred words dripping out of nothing, he wonders how he allowed himself to get trapped into teaching English when he might have had a happy and interesting life as an electrician or a confidence man.† (P.M. Roberts) He has a very dry sense of humor that leaves the reader wondering why he even makes the attempt at humor in many cases. White uses an informal tone in his essay, and uses language that appeals to the readers’ senses. He makes no attempts at humor in his essay like Roberts does, but he instead paints pictures of scenery with words in exuberant detail. The depth and detail with which he writes stirs the readers’ emotions and memories in the way he tells of his own memories. He takes the mind of the reader on a journey with him as he recounts memories of his childhood. The tone he uses is one that is somber and serious, but also quite casual. â€Å"Summertime, oh summertime, pattern of life indelible, the fade proof lake, the woods unshatterable, the pasture with the sweet fern and the juniper forever and ever, summer without end; this was the background, and the life along the shore was the design, the cottages with their innocent and tranquil design, their tiny docks with the flagpole and the American flag floating against the white clouds in the blue sky, the little paths over the roots of the trees leading from camp to camp and the paths leading back to the outhouses and the can of lime for sprinkling, and at the souvenir counters at the store the miniature birch-bark canoes and the post cards that showed things looking a little better than they looked.† (E.B. White) It is with the use of this kind of language that White fills the writing canvas, as well as the reader’s thoughts, with the detailed images of the surroundings of the lake. The subject matter between the essays by Roberts and White is yet another drastic difference. â€Å"How to Say Nothing in 500 Words† is an informative narrative essay about what to, and what not to do in the writing of a college essay. It is a strictly academic essay. It covers a number of points of what kind of language and ideas to use in a college level paper. The section of his essay that he names â€Å"Call a Fool a Fool† can easily be summarized as him trying to get across that one should say what they think of a matter regardless of what they think the instructor grading the paper or anyone else that might read it would think of what you have to say. He  basically states that if it is your opinion, then state it without worrying that it may offend anyone that may not share the same view. The subject matter of Roberts’ essay is a topic that only a college student would truly care to read about. The subject matter of the essay by White, however, is nearly as far in the other direction as you can get from Roberts’ essay about writing an essay about college football. White’s essay â€Å"Once More to the Lake† is about his visit with his son back to the same lake that his own father took him to every summer with his family while he was growing up. He describes in detail the changes that have occurred in the many years since he had been back to the lake, and the times he had with his family in his youth as well as the time he is spending there now with his own son. â€Å"Inside, all was just as it had always been, except there was more Coca Cola and not so much Moxie and root beer and birch beer and sarsaparilla. We would walk out with a bottle of pop apiece and sometimes the pop would backfire up our noses and hurt. We explored the streams, quietly, where the turtles slid off the sunny logs and dug their way into the soft bottom; and we lay on the town wharf and fed worms to the tame bass. Everywhere we went I had trouble making out which was I, the one walking at my side, the one walking in my pants.† (White E.B.) The way he describes and speaks of his surroundings and the small adventures that he and his son embark upon makes it evident that he truly cares about the story he has written, and that the entire compositio n is a nostalgic journey through his past and present. The feelings that he clearly has while writing his essay is something that nearly any reader can relate to. Now that the major contrasting points between the two essays have been presented we should move on to the similarities, but there are next to no similarities at all. The most prominent similarity between them is simply the fact that both compositions are considered essays. They are written in completely different styles on completely different subjects, and with a completely different reading audience in mind. It can be said, however, that both essays are properly written for their intended audience, and one could also argue that the essays are similar in regards to the fact that both essays give the reader something to think about after having read the compositions, but that would be reaching very far to find some form of similarity simply for the sake of being able to say that they are similar in some fashion. It is easy to say  that the two essays contrast in major ways, but it is not so easy to say that they compare in any significant way. The essays â€Å"How to Say Nothing in 500 Words† by P.M. Roberts, and â€Å"Once More to the Lake† by E.B. White are both well written, but the descriptive essay by White is the superior of the two for his use of easily understood descriptive language and the seamless flow of his ideas and thoughts on the paper making for an easy and enjoyable read. His essay is also written about a subject that nearly any reader can relate to in some way while the essay by Roberts is aimed more at a particular demographic. Roberts also uses a â€Å"matter of fact† kind of tone that if he had not introduced a dash of humor here and there throughout his essay would have made it too technical to keep the average reader interested enough to read the whole composition while the essay by White draws the reader in and leaves them wanting more. The essay â€Å"Once More to the Lake† by E.B. White is a timeless piece of literature that the writer of this essay strongly recommends to any reader. References Roberts, P. M. (n.d.). How to say nothing in 500 words. Retrieved from https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Gw_UcMT4u-ZSW7ZBN_RAMspZFex6o83oIbnvtuV-CM8/edit?pli=1 White, E.B. Once more to the lake. Retrieved from http://www.freewebs.com/lanzbom/EBWhiteLakeEssay.pdf

Five essays on introduction to leadership essays

Five essays on introduction to leadership essays Introduction to Leadership Essays This assignment is comprised of five essays based on the completion of self-assessments on (1) Self-Confidence, (2) Leader-Member Exchange, (3) Trust in Leadership, (4) Job Affect, and (5) Motivation to Lead. Self Confidence The purpose of this assessment is to assess a leaders generalized self-efficacy. A leaders job is a very complicated one and leaders need to have self-confidence to overcome this. To accomplish this, leaders should avoid thinking in terms of perfection and imperfection to overcome their fears. The leadership self-assessment was done to determine leadership styles and effectiveness. Many factors were taken into consideration in this self-assessment that allowed for positive and realistic perception regarding leadership abilities. The self-assessment was characterized by many factors, such as, how disciplined and effective a leader feels at completing their work on time; how well they handle difficult situations, and how secure they feel about their ability to perform. The score on this self-assessment ranged from a scale of one through seven, with one indicating that the statement is strongly disagreed upon, and seven indicating that the statement is in strong agreement. This assessment required that a score of six or greater must be achieved to be an effective leader. The highest score on this assessment was a seven. There were seventeen questions on this self-assessment. On the question of making plans work, I achieved a score of seven out of a total score of seven. When faced with difficult situations, a score of four was achieved out of a total of seven. On this self-assessment my overall score was a 5.3. According to the criteria set for this assessment and in interpreting the scores, it was identified that the one area that I need to improve upon is when handling difficult situations. This can be gained by having confidence in the skills required for the job, and achieving set goals related to the job. The score further shows that when I am faced with difficult situations that I need to overcome my fears. By overcoming my fears, it will help me to persist in times of crisis. Leaders must also have self-esteem to boost their morale and this comes from a feeling of being accepted and approved by team members and co-workers. As a leader, I need to display a positive image by being happy, and competent. Displaying these traits will make those around us approve and accept us as being a virtuous leader. These traits were among the seventeen questions in the self-assessment to identify whether leaders have strong generalized self-efficacy. The action plan that I have set to address needed growth and to improve on this situation, is to take stock of the present, address and focus on the future. I must make a commitment to starting this action plan and staying with it so that the needed growth can be realized. In preparing for this journey, I will take a look at what I have already achieved and make a list of all the things was accomplished successfully. Among some of the things I will list will be whether I was instrumental in getting a major project done; whether I was able to increase the sales level for the company in a given period; and whether a project deadline was accomplished. I will then review this list often and spend time each week enjoying the success that was achieved, so that improvements can be built to further the growth of this success. Another technique that I will use to address needed growth is to use the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) analysis. I will use this to analyze the opportunities and threats that I am being faced with. This will lead to think about what is important, and what direction to take. Once I have accomplished this, I will then set objectives to achieve the goals that I have set. By hitting on the targeted goals, and coupled building on my self-confidence, key factors in enhancing growth areas will eventually be achieved. The leadership self-assessment was very helpful in identifying areas that I to needed to improve upon since these areas directly relate to the role I play as a leader. Since every leader must know and trust their value, the interpretation of the scores on the self-assessment provides me with an awareness of my worth as a leader. This has helped me to become more aware and confident about the skills that are important when carrying out the function of my job as a leader for instead of speculating. The findings from the self-assessment will further help me in recognizing areas that need improvement to enhance leadership ability. Enhancing on my leadership abilities will help in sound planning, and decision making which will ultimately result in attaining strong leadership qualities. . Leader-Member Exchange The Leader-Member Exchange self-assessment is to determine leadership as a relationship between leader and follower. The purpose of this assessment was to determine a leaders fairness, trust, and ethical behavior, and to determine whether leadership mediates the relationship between past and future team performance. There were seven statements that were rated on a scale from one to seven with one indicating that the statement is strongly disagreed upon and seven indicating that it is in strong agreement. Pierce and Newstrom state: A high score of (6 and greater) suggests that you have a high-quality leader-member exchange relationship with your leader. A low score of (2 or less) suggests that you have a low-quality leader-member exchange relationship with your leader. (p. 31) On this assessment my overall score was a 6.5 on each of the seven statements. According to the criteria set for this assessment, the interpretation of my score of 6.5 shows that I have a high-quality leader-member relationship. This score has connected to key concepts that are presented in the text. For example, according to Wayne, Shore, and Liden (1997), Recent evidence suggests that followers who experience a high-quality leader-member exchange relationship may help their leader by carrying out their required role activities and by engaging in good citizenship behaviors (p. 92). I agree with this statement because due to the confidence and trust I have with my leader, when ask to go extra mile, it is accepted without hesitation. The action plan that I have set to address needed growth areas is to search for answers as to what makes me a unique employee in the organization, and identify any accomplishments that was achieved that I will be proud of. Reflecting on the most important work-related values, and figuring out values that are met, and those that are not, will help me improve on areas that need improvement. When building growth areas, by reflecting and finding answers to questions such as whether I am comfortable working with people, or alone, working with data, or technology will help me identify which mixture would be most satisfying to me and why. Taking a look a look at my performance review will also help in identifying and improving on areas that need to be strengthened. This will help enhance my growth areas because an employees performance is connected to a supervisors view on that person. To further enhance on my growth areas, asking good probing questions, and avoiding ones that give only yes, or no answers will assist, and allow the best way to gain a deeper understanding of what really matters to an employer. The findings on this self assessment, and based on the scores that were achieved, shows that I have a high quality leader-member exchange relationship. The lesson learned from this self-assessment show that part of leadership is observational learning done by the subordinates. Further findings show that it is important for leaders to demonstrate ethical values and conduct at all times. If given a leadership role, I will definitely use this self-assessment to help identify areas that I need to improve upon. One of the advantages of being a good a leader is display confidence, and this can be achieved by having experience in the role you play. Applying the action plan that is set above for the improvement of leadership growth areas seems realistic based on the interpretation of the scores that were achieved on this self-assessment, and based on the findings. As part of my job responsibilities, I have to liaison with staff members on a daily basis by giving them instructions. The action plan that is outlined here will help address needed growth areas, and the findings will be used in a constructive way to improve on my leadership skills. Trust in Leadership: This self-assessment was created for the purpose of evaluating trust in leadership and team performance. This assessment consisted of nine questions that were based on the evaluation of the team leader. The questions were graded on a scale from one through seven with one reflecting that there is strong disagreement with the statement and seven indicating strong agreement. Achieving a score of six and above on this assessment reflects a high level of trust in leadership and team performance. Achieving a sore of two or less indicates a very low level of trust. On this assessment I achieved a score of eight. The interpretation of this score shows that there is a high level of trust in the leader. This score further shows that when it comes to acceptance of the leaders activities, goals, and decisions, that I will support and accept them without uncertainty. The specific plan of action that needs to be addressed to improve on my growth areas will be to become and more effective employee by gaining the trust of those around me. Since effectfive work groups are based on trust, I will work toward strengthening on this area. To accomplish this, I will first identify, and enhance on the responsibilities of my present position. Once this is clearly identified, I will use focus groups, interviews, etc., and then set short-term and long-term goals in achieving my objectives. These objectives will be set for, and focused on the improvement of trust, and team performance. The enhancement of growth areas based on the interpretation of the scores will be used to further improve on my leadership skills. The findings on this self-assessment will also help in making things happen. As a leader, one must be confident, know the job, be a role model to your team and most of all get the job done. Knowing my strengths and weaknesses, and being a team player, are important attributes to building trust, and having the best team. Job Affect This self-assessment measures an employees mood at work. The purpose of this self-assessment is to determine how employees felt during the past week while on the job. Pierce and Newstrom state: Mood at work, as assessed here is a state-based condition. As a state-based condition, people can express different moods, depending upon the state to which they are exposed. Mood can, however, be relatively stable across emotional states (situations) and across time. (p. 71) This self-assessment was graded on a scale from one to five with five indicating agreement with the statement and one signifying not in agreement. On this self- assessment, I achieved a score of four. Achieving a score of four and above on this assessment shows a high level of affect. A score of 2 and under indicates a low level of affect. The score that was achieved and its interpretation have given me an indication about my mood at work. This assessment also shows the various type of mood an employee display at their place of employment, and at the same time taking into consideration the environment to which they are exposed. Pierce and Newstrom state: It has been noted that some people have a sunny disposition seeing the glass as almost full as opposed to almost empty. Others nearly always appear gloomy. Affectively (to be distinguished from affect as measure by this instrument) especially reflects an individuals pervasive mood. Negative affectivity and high negative affectivity reflect negative emotionality. Those people are distressed, scornful, hostile, fearful, nervous, and jittery. Positive affectivity and high positive affectivity reflect positive emotionality. These individuals tend to feel active, excited, enthusiastic, peppy, and strong. (p. 71) These scores have helped me in figuring out why I act the way I do at work. Being a positive person, always excited to take on new responsibilities, and a team player, this self-assessment has proven to me that I have the qualities that are needed to becoming good leader. The action plan that I have set for addressing needed growth areas will be centered on becoming more assertive and compliant. Since these traits are important when making decisions, improvement in these areas will enhance my ability to perform more productively as a leader. To enhance growth areas, action needs to be taken to gain a thorough knowledge about the company and other technical matters to create suitable strategies. Once these strategies are identified, correct decisions can then be made when solving problems. This can be developed through training and experience. As a leader having confidence, being optimistic, and competent in what you do, shows that you have the drive and energy to motivate others resulting in a productive work group. This will change your employees mood so they will feel active, excited, and show enthusiasm when carrying out their duties. The job affect self-assessment will help and can be used to improve my leadership growth in such areas as traits, skills, and behavior. It was identified when interpreting and evaluating my scores that the needed traits corresponding to my leadership role must be implemented and nurtured to be a successful leader. We live in an environment that is constantly changing, and being a good leader is essential to keep up with todays competitive environment. The findings on the job affect self-assessment will be used to strengthen my skills, and behavior. This will help me to better understand how they work together to benefit the companys needs and to inspire team members. Specific training and development is needed to enhance my leadership ability to effectively deal with the challenges being faced, both competitively and economically. This will ultimately lead to the enhancement of overall business performance because I will have the ability to inspire and engage team members. Motivation to Lead This self-assessment is centered on a Leaders motivation to lead. There were 27 statements that focused on whether a leader is influential, and has the ability, and motivation to become a good leader. According to Kirpatick and Locke (1991): Leadership motivation involves the desire to influence and lead others, and is often equated with the need for power. People with high leadership motivation think a lot about influencing other people, winning an argument, or being the greater authority. They prefer to be in a leadership rather than subordinate roleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. (p. 48) On this assessment, achieving a score of six and above on each of the three motivations to lead dimensions, shows that the leader has strong motivation. Achieving a score of two or less shows weakness in leadership ability based on the specified factor. The highest score is a 7 and the lowest a one. I scored a 4.6 on the affective identify-based motivation. On the non-calculative-based motivation, a score of 4 was achieved, and a score of 4.8 was obtained on social normative based motivation. An average score of 4.5 was achieved on this assessment indicating that I have the traits necessary to become a leader. According to Kirkpatrick and Locke (1991), à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦traits do matter. Six traits on which leaders differ from non-leaders include drive, the desire to lead, honesty/integrity, self-confidence, cognitive ability and knowledge of the business. (p. 48) The interpretation of the scores shows that having these traits are important preconditions and the potential to be an effective leader. Although these traits are accounted for a small portion of the criterion variance, they are an important part of the whole picture. These traits must fit the leaders situation. Specific action plan that are needed to address growth areas in motivating a leader, and key traits that need strengthening were identified in this self-evaluation. For example, it was identified that having a desire to lead, and having a good knowledge of the business are important traits that need to be strengthened. Other possible characteristics that should be considered for improvement will be creativity, originality, flexibility, and adaptiveness. Knowledge of the industry, and aspects of self-confidence can be developed through experience and training. While honesty is important, it does not require skill-building because it is a virtue that one achieves or rejects by choice. A leaders trait is important and it must fit the situation. For instance, a strong relationship between intelligence and leadership exists because a person does not emerge as a leader simply by possessing key leadership traits. Being proactive is essential for a leader because they must make choices and take action that will lead to change instead of reacting to events or waiting for things to happen. Leaders must show a high level of initiative. In conclusion, the five assessments discussed in this paper were very helpful to me, and I believe should be used as a measure to determine whether a person has the right personality, and qualities to fit the required leadership role. to becoming a good leader. .

Christopher Marlowes Doctor Faustus Essays -- The Life and Death of D

From the outset of Marlowe's play 'Doctor Faustus,' it is clear that Faustus is a man who is unwilling to accept the limitations of human knowledge. In seeking to become more than a man, with no regard for the spiritual consequences, he becomes an example to the religious audience of Marlowe's time of what happens when a man pursues knowledge undeterred by moral boundaries. From the outset of the play, Faustus appears to be driven by his thirst for knowledge. The chorus introduces him as 'gluttedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦with learning's golden gifts,' and led by his desire to further expand his knowledge he 'surfeits upon cursed necromancy.' Here, I noticed that imagery connected with food and overindulgence is used to illustrate the scholastic gluttony that seems to control Faustus' actions, as though by learning he were feeding a hunger. His own words at the beginning of the play, which are interspersed with the names of works he has studied and phrases in foreign languages, immediately convey his strongly academic nature. Showing the importance Faustus attaches to learning, his first request of Mephastophilis is for knowledge relating to the whereabouts of hell, and he later continues to question the demon on astrology and philosophical issues. He also receives a number of books from both Mephastophilis and Lucifer, which he vows to 'keep as chary as my life,' and uses his twenty four years before damnation to continue his studies, seeking to 'prove cosmography' and becoming renowned for his 'learned skill' as 'his fame spread forth in every land.' Born from 'parents of base stock' and rising to greatness beyond the normal scope of man, I think that Faustus could be seen as a Renaissance hero were it not for the misdirecti... ...ic consequences of his actions. This is reinforced by the judgement of the chorus, who provides the moral framework with which the audience is encouraged to view Faustus. I think that the prologue and epilogue, features of Morality Plays, are particularly important in ensuring that the audience is given the intended impression of the central character, whose fate, the chorus insists at the play's closing, is deserved due to his acting on the desire to 'practice more than heavenly power permits.' When Faustus is finally dragged away to hell at the close of his twenty four years of demonic power, he serves as a reminder to Marlowe's audience of what happens to those who disobey God. Essentially therefore, I agree that the play's message concerns the dangers, in this case spiritual, that a thirst for knowledge poses when coupled with a lack of morality.

Acting and Identity in Sizwe Banzi is Dead and in Death and the Kings

Both "Sizwe Bansi is Dead", (written by Athol Fugard in collaboration with John Kani and Winston Ntshona) and "Death and the King's Horseman" (written by Wole Soyinka) are both set in South Africa, in two important and significant cultural moment for the country. "Swize Bansi is Dead" tells the difficult reality of Africa under apartheid (1950s), analysing the complex issue of identity in that time. The rules of Apartheid meant that people were legally classified into a racial group, mainly Black and White, and separated from each others. This division restricted black people from being able to vote, having medical care, education, or other public services, and if when, in rare cases these were possible, they still were of a lot inferior compared to what white people were entitled to. Not only Black people were thus deprived of their write as human beings, as persons, but what most suggested that they'd lost their identities is that all of them had to have an "identity book". This item, insert them into a system of figures, where each one of them wasn't identified by a name anymore, they were recognised and registered by a number. This is a very important issue of the play, in fact the focal point is to show us how irrelevant the name and the "identity" had become for those people. Is your name your identity? And if not, is it possible to maintain a stable and truthful inside identity when deprived of all signs of uniqueness such as your own name? This theme is very much confronted in Sizwe Bansi is Dead. The main character, Sizwe Bansi is forced into talking a terrible decision. Taking a dead man's identity book, therefore stealing his "official" identity, to be able to get on with his life and keep in contact with his f... ...the characters show how loosing their write to vote and therefore express their opinion, and especially having to carry an identity booklet all the time (just because of the colour of their skin) can generate an inside crisis on one's identity. Is our identity determined by our name? Can we change name and be able to keep a stable identity? This play also raises the issue of being actors, just to survive in the society they lived in. Not being able to show their feelings and their disappointment at any time, obliged them to smile, sing, and fake. These issues are also raised in "Death and the King's Horseman", but more with showing how important and determinant our culture is for our personal identity. Thus, living in an era where this one is changing, because of the rough imposition of a new one, can torn one's personality, making them doubt all of their beliefs.

Working Under Supervision

Generally teamwork can be defined as a group of people working under supervision together to accomplish specified goals. In nursing the main goal is to improve the patient’s health and promote recovery. Supervision, according to Harries (1987), means â€Å"to be in charge of a group of workers or students and be responsible for making sure that they do their work properly† [Longman (1995, p. 1449)]. Working with a group of people has the potential for being a supportive and enriching experience.It increases the nurse’s knowledge, acquired by sharing experiences, skills, ideas and techniques obtained by watching, observing and learning from other members of the team when performing a task. Nurses are required to work as part of multi-disciplinary teams (MDT). The care and management of individuals, relies heavily on the participation in team based efforts and requires individuals who share a common goal, in order to create a well managed health care system. The co ncept of team work within health care was created to â€Å"provide quality holistic healthcare to every patient†.Each team member must have a clear role and contribute effectively in order to maintain a well balanced and supported environment. It gives the patient high standard of care: It creates an opportunity for every member of the team to provide information about the patient’s need which can be orally or written, this will allow the care team to have an insight and understanding of how to offer the best possible care for the patient. Teamwork makes the duties easier and faster: If every member of staff collaborates and works together, less time is required to carry out the job and it is easy.In this case, the workload is well distributed and this relieves stress, saves useful time that can be used to observe patient needs, deterioration and improvement. There is less chance of inaccuracy because each member is focussed and co-ordinated on his or her work thereby enhancing effectiveness, whereas if it was one person doing the job the person is running from one point to the other in order to meet up with patient’s need thereby creating room for mistakes and disorganisation [Potter and Perry (1995)].In conclusion teamwork is very important in nursing and can also be enjoyable if all members are actively and sincerely partakers to ensure that the work is rational to every member and also meet targets. [Potter and Perry (1995)] Working under supervision builds the nurse’s character, confidence and self-esteem knowing that the supervisor cares about the work done. This will stimulate the nurse to be of good conduct. In the same way, patients feel safeguarded and confident knowing that there is a competent person in charge.According to Fowler (1995) Supervision involves a learning, supportive and monitoring process. The learning process exposes the nurse to liaise with other professional bodies such as the doctors, radiotherapists, p orters, cleaners, healthcare assistants, and paramedics and so on, as well as the patients and family members. The monitoring process could be formal or informal to assure that the desired standard is achieved. The supportive process includes discussion of difficulties, challenges, dilemmas and solution of how to deal with them so that positive goals are achieved [Hinchliff S. 2008)]. These processes are essential and vital for the health and safety of the patient. The nurse can then learn how to deal with challenging situations which promotes the delivering of high standard of care to the client. In contrast, when there is no supervision there is no opportunity to update knowledge, develop and improve skills. The nurse might be implementing the wrong skill or technique in attending to a patient. This might have a dangerous effect on the patient and the overall team.

In Cold Blood Essay Questions Essay

1) In Cold Blood is a non-fiction novel, but how is it more like journalism than an ordinary work of fiction? Truman Capote wrote the book in brief sections, setting the scene and then putting a break in the narrative, the way the book is structured with several plotlines happening at the same time it keeps the reader on edge, giving it a classic crime-genre technique to always keep the reader in suspense. On top of this he pays close attention to the setting around the dialogue, producing powerful imagery for the reader. The dialogue is factual, which reduces Capotes’ personal involvement, and with the descriptive, tense paragraphs, to heighten suspense. In the book we see two of the main characters, Dick and Perry, their interests and family background which we can see Capotes’ journalism through his reporting. In an interview for the New York Times in 1966, Capote said, â€Å"It seemed to me that journalism, reportage, could be forced to yield a serious new art form: the ‘nonfiction novel,’ as I thought of it †¦ Journalism is the most underestimated, the l east explored of literary mediums,† 2) In what ways does Capote reveal the nature of his research through the construction of the book? In Cold Blood takes a unique view on a horrific story, and gives a non-biased opinion, by looking into the minds of the people involved. In Capotes’ research he found that his background was surprisingly close to one of the man characters, Perry Smith, with both the author and the character both ridiculed as children. Though we can see that the author doesn’t forgive Perry, we can see Capotes’ sympathy. Capote knew how powerful suspense can be, and he used this to the full potential. With the clutter bodies being found at the house twice, with a quote that spans six pages. Also when Perry Smith makes his confession, 200 pages later, there is another quote that spans several pages, with the quote broken up only when he was interrupted by the questioner. 3) How does Capote colour the opening section of the book with a sense of impending murder and doom? What does this tell you about the book’s relationship to journalism? With the opening chapter being named â€Å"the Last To See Them Alive† We can immediately see that murder is about to take place. Also when Capote starts describing the characters he keeps referring to the Clutter family’s day as their last. This gives us the impending idea that the reader is aware of what happens from the opening chapter. With the murder case being a true story that happened a long time ago, the author assumes that the reader will know the story before they’ve read the book. Thus Capote builds up tension and emphasises the upcoming deaths. With most current news stories being repeated many times, journalists try and find a new angle to keep the story fresh, we can see that Capote has tried to do this in his novel, to take a news story that people have heard before and try and adapt it to keep the reader interested.

All Quiet on the Western Front Essay

In the novel ‘All Quiet on the Western Front’ by Erich Maria Remarque, the main character Paul Bà ¤umer’s development shows the horrors of the First World War and the effect it had on the young men who fought in it. Paul Bà ¤umer is the main character whom is nineteen years old, Bà ¤umer volunteered for the army along side four of his classmates. Some parts in the novel is written in past tense when Paul Bà ¤umer is collecting his thoughts. Most of the novel is written in Present tense. During the novel we see Paul Bà ¤umer changing as a person, he has just left school and is a young boy with no experiences. By the end of this novel end even half way through he had become a well experienced man. Paul Bà ¤umer is the main character and also the narrator. At just nineteen years of age, Bà ¤umer volunteers for the German Army. Before war is a young creative and passionate person who had lots of love for his family. As the war went on Bà ¤umer changed as a person. Bà ¤umer and four of his classmates joined because they felt it was their patriotic duty. After a while of being in the trenches Bà ¤umer starts to get visions of being in Kantoreks class as he gave his great ‘iron youth speech.’ He soon realises Kantorich persuaded the class to join. â€Å"During the drill time Kantorek gave us long lectures until the whole of our class went under his shepherding to the District Commandant and volunteered.† Bà ¤umer felt he was doing right by his country but he soon feels he can’t tell anyone about his experience in the army and where his families are concerned he feels like an outsider. People like Kantorek are hypocrites, urging young pupils to join up whilst not volunteering himself. Kemmerich dies. This is the first death we experience as readers in the novel which is very upsetting. â€Å"I became faint, all at once I can not do anymore†¦ He is dead. The face is still wet from the tears. The eyes are half open and yellow like old horn buttons.† Bà ¤umer feels upset and dark inside, he has just lost his best friend, and they grew up together, school buddies. He is almost like a brother to Bà ¤umer. I feel sorry for Bà ¤umer at this point in the novel because I would hate to lose any of my friends or classmates if I was in the army because I think you would need a lot of friends and good people around to keep your spirits high. This is one of Bà ¤umers most important memories because they got revenge on Himmelstoss. Himmelstoss was a postman before he enlisted in the war. He is a corporal who trains the recruits. Himmelstoss likes punishing the young recruits and is very harsh and strict. â€Å"Tjaden wets his bed†¦ Himmelstoss maintained that it was sheer laziness and invented a method worthy of himself for curing Tjaden†¦ with mattress of wire netting.† The young men ended up unwell or with the cold because of this they ended up sleeping on the floor. Bà ¤umer and his friends got revenge by getting him from behind with a big white bed sheet and they covered his mouth with a pillow so he could not scream. Tjaden pulled down Himmelstoss’ trousers with a whip in his mouth. The training camp is harsh and full of sadness, I would not like to be there. Baume describes the front line as a mysterious whirlpool. â€Å"I am in still water far away from its center. I feel the whirl of the vortex sucking e slowly, irresistibly, inescapably into itself. The front line is a line along which apposing armies face each other and is horrific because you are face to face and it is very hard to stay alive. Bà ¤umer feels different from everyone else in his hometown because he feels he is different, they are different. He has been away for so long he does not feel at home anymore. He’s not just a boy anymore, he’s now a man. I feel so much respect for Bà ¤umer by this stage because he has done so well and all army men deserve respect. When Bà ¤umer returns home from leave he feels obliged to volunteer for a dangerous night patrol. Whilst in ‘No-Man’s Land’ Bà ¤umer gets lost. Paul hides in a shell – hole but a bomb goes off behind him when he is alone. â€Å"This is the first time I have killed with my hands†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Bà ¤umer feels so guilty for killing the French man. He starts to think about the French mans life and his family. â€Å"If only he had run two yards further to the left, he might now be sitting in the trench over there and writing a letter to his wife.† This changes Bà ¤umers character for the better because he now realises how precious life is. Bà ¤umer feels hatred against the war and realises it’s a bad thing. I personally think war should be illegal because what is the point in killing human beings for victory. I don’t think that’s a victory, it’s a crime to kill. If we are not at war you would be sent to prison and just because its war that makes it ok? The situation has got a lot worse for the German Army by this late stage in the Novel. In this part Bà ¤umer and Katazinsky are the last two soldiers alive from all the characters whom were introduced at the beginning of the Novel. Kat gets hit by a shrapnel at this point leaving him with a smashed shin. Bà ¤umer carried him back to camp on his back, only to discover on their arrival that a splinter had hit Kat on the back of the head and killed him on the way. Kats death makes Bà ¤umer careless to weather he dies in war or not and also he can now face the rest of his life without any fear. I feel sorry for Bà ¤umer at this point because he must feel so alone. Bà ¤umer is now alone without a friend in the trenches because the war has taken all of them away and now Bà ¤umer is all alone. â€Å"Let the months and years come, they can take nothing from me, they can take nothing more. I am so alone, and so without hope that I can confront them without fear.† At the end of the novel Bà ¤umer is careless of his life. He has changed dramatically since the beginning. At the beginning Paul was a young boy with lots of dreams, now he is a man who is careless. I feel very lucky that none of my family died during the war and it’s a very emotional thing to go into. This book is important and should be read by future generations to show how life was and that they should realise how life was and that they should notice how lucky they are. This book makes you have so much for our soldiers.

The Dark Side of Energy Drinks

The dark side of energy drinks General purpose: to persuade Organizational outline method or pattern: problem/solution INTRODUCTION Attention getter: Ever since Red Bull came on to the market in 1997, there's been an explosion in caffeinated energy drinks. Some are marketed as food and others as dietary supplements. But there's little guidance for the consumer on how much caffeine is in them. Specific purpose: The specific purpose of my speech is to persuade you to take a stand against energy drinks due to the negative effect it may cause on your body.Listener relevance link: Each of us should care about this because to many people are unaware of the ingredient that are present in these drinks and the consequences they may cause. Establish speaker credibility and goodwill: I have knowledge through experience and research. Preview of main points: Today, I will talk to you about the problem of energy drinks and how we can solve them. Transition statement: But first, let’s talk a bout some of the problems BODY I. Anyone who is considering boosting their energy is at risk while using an energy drink. A.A story in the New York Times noted that the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has received reports of 13 deaths linked to an energy drink essay writer vancouver. The drinks contain about 215 milligrams of caffeine, more than enough, health specialists say, to sicken children and some adults, and even send some of them to the hospital how to type a essay. B. Concerns over the potentially harmful effects of energy drinks, especially when they’re combined with alcohol, have been growing in recent years. Research suggests that individuals can develop caffeine dependence and may experience withdrawal when caffeine onsumption decreases. The caffeine in energy drinks increases heart rates, which over time can increase your chances of stroke and heart disease. C. In a 2011 study, about 1,100 college students have been combining alcohol and energy drinks which can be very dangerous. Although it does not â€Å"counteract† the sedating effects of alcohol, there is a concern that mixing alcohol and energy drinks may keep people awake for a longer period of time, allowing them to consume more alcohol than they ordinarily would.D. Energy drinks have a lot of stimulants in them like ginseng and taurine, while alcohol is a depressant. So by mixing the two you're sending mixed messages to your nervous system which can cause cardiac related problems or even death. Transition statement: Now I would like to talk about some effective solutions for energy drinks and the problem it may cause. II. There are several was to help reduce energy drinks related risks A. Study the ingredients of any drink before purchasing.Know which of these ingredients are likely to pose risk to your health. Learn the level recommended for consumption. Regulate one’s consumption to reduce addiction and do not mix with alcohol. B. Once we are aware of the ingred ients contained in energy drinks and the side effects resulting from their consumption, we can make a concerted effort to limit accessibility to these drinks. C. We as adults should become proactive. Knowledge is power and alerting each other and our teens to the potential danger of these beverages is vital.CONCLUSION Specific purpose restatement: The purpose of my speech was to persuade you to create awareness about the potential dangers associated with the consumption of energy drinks. Main point summary: I have spoken to you about some of the problems and solution to persuade you to think twice before consuming energy drinks. Clincher: Red bull can really give you, â€Å"your wings. † REFERENCES Meier, Barry. â€Å"More Than a Case of the Jitters. † New York Times 24 Oct. 2012: B1(L). Gale Opposing Viewpoints In Context.

Importance of Respect Essay

Respect, respect, respect, that’s what my father always said to me. Growing up in a typical Chinese family, I have learnt the importance of Respect, whether it is towards your grandparents, friends or your teachers. Although most of them are just simple things, it really shows your respect towards others. To show your respect towards others, there are often things you must not do. For example, if you respect your parents or your grandparents, you wouldn’t just pat their heads, dropping their wig onto the ground when you start asking them things such as â€Å"Hey grandma, how are you today?† or â€Å"what are we eating today?† The only people you are allowed to pat (if you must) are the ones who are younger than you, but that doesn’t mean you can go up to a random stranger who’s younger than you and start patting them on their head, no no no, that’s not what I mean at all. Towards your elders, respect can be shown when you grab food for them when the food is too far for them to reach or by standing up and allowing them to sit on your seat when there are no more chairs left. Such small acts of kindness can actually show your respect towards others and the kind of person you actually are. For some of us, when we graduate from university, we may start to feel like we are superior beings, and that everyone who are still in college are lesser beings, or the lower-class people. This may cause us to look down on our parents or grandparents just because they didn’t go to university, neglecting the fact that without them, there wouldn’t be us, the fact that without their hard work and efforts, we wouldn’t even have the chance of going into university. Let’s say, when your friends invites you over to their house, you don’t just rush in and attack the fridge, licking the internal structure clean, or rush into the master bedroom and starts bouncing on their parents’ bed because for your information, a bed is not a trampoline, no matter what the advertisements tell you, I can assure you that they are two different  things. Idiotic acts such as attacking your friend’s fridge or bouncing on their parents’ bed clearly shows that you do not, and I repeat, DO NOT truly respect your friend. If you really respect your friend, when they invite you over to their house, you should show them some courtesy, or act like civilized people, instead of the monster you are at home. You should take your shoes off before entering their house or ask them for their permission before going to their bathroom, which in most cases, they will say yes, but if they say no for some strange and awkward reason, then you have to find other ways of solving your problem. If you are going to a friend’s house, you should not go there empty-handed instead you should always bring some gifts. I am not telling you to bring expensive gifts like a diamond ring which is the size of a tennis ball, or a Plasma TV, although if you really insist then, that’s your choice. But usually, small gifts such as a basket of fruits would be enough to show your respect because after all, it’s the thought that counts. However, when bringing gifts, especially to a Chinese family, there are things you shouldn’t bring. Such items are clocks or pears because the Chinese word for clocks sounds the same as the Chinese word for death whilst the Chinese word for pear sounds the same as the Chinese word for separation. Another thing to keep in mind is remembering NOT, and I repeat, NOT to wrap the gifts in black or white since those colours are the ones used in funerals. I hope I am not discouraging you from going to Chinese friend’s house because of such rules; these are just little things that you should watch out for because the last thing you want is an angry mum chasing you down the street carrying a butcher knife, and shouting at you in Chinese, even if you cannot understand a word she is saying. Ok guys, since you are all such an attentive listener, I will let you in on a secret. When you go to your friend’s house, the moment you step into the house, you don’t go looking for the toilet or start licking the fridge, the first thing you have to do is to greet the parents. Normally, the reason why they may stare at you menacingly as you move around the house is because people often forget to greet them. Normally, when people enter the house, somehow they just manage to ignore the parent’s presence, even if they were  just standing in front of him. Now, if you want to see a smile on their faces, just remember to greet them as you enter the house- It doesn’t have to be very formal, just remember to say â€Å"Hi† as you enter and say â€Å"Bye, Thank you very much for having me† when you leave. Back in Singapore, when I was still young and youthful, the whole class had to stand up when the teacher came into the classroom. Now, you may think that standing up to welcome the teacher may not seem like much but to the teachers, it may mean the whole world to them. Think of it this way, the teachers give up their time and effort to teach us, so in return, all we have to do is to give up a bit of our time to welcome them, showing our respect for them. In conclusion, respect really plays an important aspect in our lives, whether it is towards our family, friends or teachers. When we respect one another, there will be fewer conflicts and everybody will get along better. So, try to respect one another, who knows, maybe one day, people will learn to respect you too. Min HanBibliography- None- Wrote it by myself

Research Proposal Master Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Master - Research Proposal Example These greenhouse gases, in large part, emanate from human activities, particularly the consumption of fossil fuels and the changes in the ways that land is used. But what does this have to do with business Consider the economic costs of the chaotic weather patterns that have broadened in scale over the past decades. Patterns of floods and drought that have devastated local areas have increased in their extremity. The severity and frequency of hurricanes and tornadoes, as well as in more mundane thunderstorms, have also increased. This can be attributed to the increase in global temperatures, and so one can see that increased production of greenhouse gases can have a lasting effect on business - particularly as those who owned businesses in Florida before it was hit by Hurricane Andrew, or in New Orleans before it was hit by Hurricane Katrina, can attest. The focus of this paper will be to measure the specific effects of climate change on the global economy. In other words, how will the current trend of climate change affect the world's productivity if it does not go unchecked Can the world accept President Bush's laissez-faire approach to climate control, or does the global economy demand more specific solutions Literature Search. Literature Search. I located five articles that represent a cross-section of the spectrum of thought about the ways that global climate change will affect the world's economy. Jennifer G. Hickey's essay entitled "Flaky climate data will cost U.S. dough - economic costs of global warming treaty" represents the side of the skeptics - those who feel that the science behind the idea that human activity has generated greenhouse gases that are causing higher global temperatures to be a fallacy. These skeptics generally tend to fall in the politically conservative ranks, and they see no reason for government to intervene in the affairs of business on the basis of iffy science. Implementing such measures as the Kyoto emissions treaty would have economic effects that are more easily measured and verified, in the writer's opinion, than the less tangible benefits of reduced emissions. One of the counterarguments that this essay puts forth in response to the call for reduced emissions is the idea that, between 1940 and 1970, carbon dioxide in the atmosphere increased dramatically, and yet the global temperature fell during that time frame (Hickey). This article goes through several economic projections of the financial effects of the Kyoto treaty on the American economy, which the Clinton Administration signed, but never sent to the Senate for formal ratification. Of interest is the fact that this article was written in 1997. During the intervening years, such writing as this has declined in the mainstream press, becoming relegated more and more to right-wing publications. It is still an argument that has its strong adherents, though, and would be an obstacle to implementing large-scale environmental regulations unless there were ironclad proof that greenhouse gas emissions directly caused global warming, and that global warming was certain to harm the economy in the future. Next, I found two sources by William D. Nordhaus. One is a brief analysis of the economic and environmental effects of the

PHARMACEUTICAL COMMERCIAL Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

PHARMACEUTICAL COMMERCIAL - Essay Example With the advent of globalization, world market trade drugs that were once confined to a particular area or country. People across the world are being benefitted with the research and studies being conducted in one laboratory in one corner of the world. It could be made through commercialization of pharmaceutical products. On the other hand various laboratories are working in collaboration to bring out the best pharmaceutical results. They work under legislative and safety measures ensuring the customer satisfaction and to procure better results without negligible health hazards. It is mandatory that the companies must get approval from the ethical committees to pursue the research study prior to the drug manufacturing. Drug designing is becoming more precise and target oriented so as to minimize the damages caused to other tissues. Any kind of ignorance or manipulation in this designing may emancipate worst to mankind. It is mandatory that pharmaceutical companies take utmost precaution and precisions not to spin huge profit and ignore humanity but to come out with a devise in the form of drug that can provide a better alternative to the ailments and their cure with trifling side effects. These are all very vital and major contemporary issues that must be addressed when we look drug commercials and the controversies surrounding their increasing prevalence in our everyday lives. Historical background is imperative for any commercial advertisements. 19th century witnessed a huge expansion in the sale and use of drugs. Although many of these drugs were easily accessible but possess tremendous side effects; however limited instructions regarding the methodology of their use was mentioned. These directives are essential for the commercialization of the pharmaceutical products, else these pharmaceutical products become misleading for the customer resulting in life threatening

I'll attach it Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

I'll attach it - Essay Example For example, I searched for database administrator jobs in Chicago and I was able to get the necessary information needed. From the websites, I was able to get a few results in various companies. The job descriptions on the two sites appear to bear striking similarities, such as- the breakdown of the duties of the potential data administrator, the amount of experience that he/she is supposed to possess and educational qualifications. Additionally, the sites provided a platform for either saving the job description for future use or reference, and a link for applying for the job in case one wanted to. Most of the job descriptions for the database administrator job, did not quote the salary offered for the jobs. However, dice.com is more suited for job seekers who are in the IT industry and offers more information on job opportunities in that sector. On the other hand, monster.com offers a wider search network for job vacancies in all sectors. One factor that I found beneficial with wwww.monster.com, is its relatively easy application procedure when compared to dice.com. Even though monster.com has an easier application process, I found dice.com to be the better site because it offers more detailed information and provides crucial career advice. In summary even though both sites offer similar job descriptions, I found dice.com to be the better option in terms of the depth of the job listings, user friendly interface and a faster processing

Social Inequality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Social Inequality - Essay Example Although the country has gone a long way toward an appearance of classlessness, class is still the prevailing force determining the way people are distinguished in the contemporary America. As Janny Scott and David Leonhardt maintain, "class is still a powerful force in American life. Over the past three decades, it has come to play a greater, not lesser, role in important ways. At a time when education matters more than ever, success in school remains linked tightly to class. At a time when the country is increasingly integrated racially, the rich are isolating themselves more and more. At a time of extraordinary advances in medicine, class differences in health and lifespan are wide and appear to be widening." (Scott and Leonhardt) Therefore, there are several evidences from education sector, health industry, and financial sector which prove the increasing influence of class in American life. Social inequality in health sector provides one of the most important evidences for the escalating influence of class in American life. ... Miele's, Mr. Wilson's and Ms. Gora's (people belonging to different classes) struggles to recover. "Class is a potent force in health and longevity in the United States. The more education and income people have, the less likely they are to have and die of heart disease, strokes, diabetes and many types of cancer. Upper-middle-class Americans live longer and in better health than middle-class Americans, who live longer and better than those at the bottom." (Scott) According to the scholars who have researched social factors in health the gaps among the various classes are widening. In their attempt to support the claim that class matters in American life, the New York Times Correspondents provide examples from marriages that cross class boundaries. Although these challenges are not as obvious as those that cross the lines of race or nationality, "people who marry across class lines are also moving outside their comfort zones, into the uncharted territory of partners with a different level of wealth and education, and often, a different set of assumptions about things like manners, food, child-rearing, gift-giving and how to spend vacations. In cross-class marriages, one partner will usually have more money, more options and, almost inevitably, more power in the relationship." (Lewin) According to the New York Times Correspondents, evidences from religious practices also suggest that class matters in American life and the growing power and influence of evangelical Christians illustrates this social inequality. "Their growing wealth and education help explain the new influence of evangelicals in American culture and politics. Their buying power fuels the booming market for Christian books, music

Presenting A Properly Processing To A Jury Assignment

Presenting A Properly Processing To A Jury - Assignment Example The defendant must seek the help of an advocate who will help him or her plan and prepare for pre-trial. The advocate must understand the reasons behind the outcome of the trial and the conclusions to be made by the jurors concerning the evidence. The processes stipulated above should be adhered to so that judgment will flow smoothly. The defendant should be well informed of all the procedures. The defendant must seek the help of an advocate who will help him or her plan and prepare for pre-trial. The advocate must understand the reasons behind the outcome of the trial and the conclusions to be made by the jurors concerning the evidence (Dervort, 1999). The case files are then organized. These files must contain what is required during the presentation. The success of the outcomes depends on the components of the information available in the defendant’s files. The information concerning the case is now gathered. The defendant's advocate should be able to plan and hence conduct a tangible investigation to reveal the potential evidence. He or she needs to determine reasons behind the factual investigation, prioritizing the investigation, implementing the investigative policy and litigating the case at trial court (Edwards, et al., 2008). The defendant’s information is then analyzed and interpreted.  Pre-trial readiness follows. This includes getting the required dress code, how to present the story, keeping up with the developments like trial tactics, objections, jury deselection, and identification.

Alchemy and Remedy in Higher Education Research Paper

Alchemy and Remedy in Higher Education - Research Paper Example Research shows that the utility and validity of projective tests are lower than objective tests because some are more time to consume in comparison to the objective tests. Sexology tests have a limited number of receptions. This field provides different methods of psychological evaluations to examine various aspects of dysfunction, problems or discomforts (Kline 2005). The tests give less regard to consuming relationships and hence have a very low validity and utility level. Most of the sexology tests are written through questionnaires while a few of them are delivered orally. Neuropsychological tests on children and adolescents help them to evaluate their various levels of performance and to determine the regions that may show some conditions of mental impairment (Kline 2005). The tests are performed to these individuals after any brain injury, organic neurological problems or brain damage. They can also help to show development delays or learning disabilities in children (The American Psychological Association 1999). Due to their performance, their validity and utility are in continuous growth as many people continue to growing concern on their children’s’ health now and future. Different theories of adult learning have been derived to help improve the efforts of theorists and practitioners in understanding adult learning. The theories provide better ways in workable and testable forms for explaining the adult learning process and further strive to show the differences in child and adult learning (Gilmore 2008).

Summary of chapter 9- business ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Summary of chapter 9- business ethics - Essay Example These stereotypes may be based on societal beliefs or may directly target certain ethnic groups. There may also be normal processes inherent in the company byline which they are not aware of. These processes may look nondiscriminatory at first glance but their use can lead to discriminatory practices such as policies which predicate nominations on existing members. Moral arguments are firmly based on racial and sexual grounds. Since discrimination predicates itself on the shortcomings of a group or an individual within a group, utilitarians reject such principles since they can harm collective wellbeing. Kantians however believe that this practice fails to acknowledge people as individuals. Universally it is impossible to consider that people would willingly allow themselves to be subjected to such treatment. Rawls’s theory suggests that â€Å"parties in the original position would choose for themselves the principles of equal opportunity.† Such actions go against the belief in human equality. No one would actively support such actions. An example of elimination from society through legal and political means include slavery and the repeal of the 19th amendment. Given that discrimination is predicated upon existing attitudes and practices, there is an unequal stake for women and minorities in the working environment. Even though Americans have the highest living standard in the world today, minorities in comparison of Caucasians make less income and are prone to being poor. Minorities and women are shoe horned into jobs with lower paying salaries despite doing the same amount of work as their counterparts. There have been few inroads into the top ranks in the professional business world. The U. S Supreme Court states that numerical discrepancies do not directly point to disparity in the work place, though societal examples and practices speak otherwise. Lawsuits for both sexual and

Events in Czechoslovakia in 1938-1939 Essay Example for Free

Events in Czechoslovakia in 1938-1939 Essay Ultimately, the events in Czechoslovakia in 1938-1939 played a major role in contributing to the outbreak of world war 2 as it ended the appeasement policy and led to Britain’s realization that war was the only solution. However, the nazi soviet pact is also a factor as it gave germany the confidence to invade Poland, a move that guaranteed war. After the anschluss, Czechoslovakia was next on hitler’s list of expansion. The Czech government felt threatened, and sought support from Britain and france should Hitler invade Czechoslovakia, and both Britain and france felt bound to help them. On 15 september 1938, Hitler told chamberlain that he would risk war to bring the Sudeten germans into germany. Chamberlain found his demands reasonable, and decided that areas in which more than half the population was germans should be handed over to Hitler. However on 22 sep Hitler stepped his demands and asked for the whole of Sudetenland. Originally, chamberlain rejected his demands. Eventually, in an attempt to avoid war, he, along with Mussolini and the prime minister of france decided that Sudetenland would be given to germany. This was known as the munich agreement (29 sep). Czechoslovakia was not consulted, and it had felt betrayed. Following that, Hitler then assured chamberlain that he had no further claims in Europe. However, in march 1939, Hitler took over the rest of Czechoslovakia, showing that he could not be trusted. Following that, Britain and france both abandoned the appeasement policy and announced that it would declare war on germany in event that Hitler invaded Poland. However, the nazi soviet pact was also an extremely important factor as it enabled Hitler to avoid a two frontwar, and allowed him to continue to provoke the western countries as stalin now secured his eastern border. Hence, Hitler could now channel all his resources to fighting the western front. Hitler learnt 2 important lessons from the First World War. Firstly, the importance of the involvement of Russia if a Slavic nation was attacked and next the strain of having to fight a war on two fronts. Therefore, the nazi soviet pact was signed on 23 august 1939 where communist Russia agreed to remain neutral if Poland was attacked. It also contained a secret protocol whereby germany and Russia agreed to carve up Poland between them, with germany getting the western parts and Russia getting the eastern parts along with Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia. With this, Hitler felt assured and proceeded to attack Poland, which unleashed the second world war. In analysis, the events in Czechoslovakia played an extremely significant role in contributing to the outbreak of war in 1939 as compared to the signing of the nazi soviet pact. The events in Czechoslovakia had laid the foundation for the outbreak of war, and it was after the invasion of Czech that led to Britain’s realization that hitler’s aims went way further than merely just redressing the wrongs of the Treaty of Versailles. It showed that Hitler aimed to dominate central Eastern Europe and British knew that war was the only solution in stopping him. Furthermore, the invasion of Czechoslovakia was so unjust that it gave Britain the high moral ground to â€Å"defend the right† without regard to self-interest. This was the point when Britain and France announced that they would declare war on Hitler were he to invade Poland. Although the nazi soviet pact did play a small role, it merely acted as the trigger for the invasion of Poland. Hitler’s invasion of Poland was inevitable, and the pact merely sped up the process. Rather, the decision of Britain and france to abandon appeasement and to defend Poland was made after the events in Czechoslovakia is 1938-1939, thus making it more crucial.